【論文】Cats Felis catus as a threat to bats worldwide: a review of the evidence Mammal Review 51: 323-337（2021）
Malik Oedin, Fabrice Brescia, Alexandre Millon, Brett P. Murphy, Pauline Palmas, John C.Z. Woinarski, Eric Vidal
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/mam.12240
Abstract
- Cats Felis catus, in all their forms (domestic, free-roaming/stray and feral), have been identified as a major global threat to biodiversity, especially birds and small mammals. However, there has been little previous consideration of the extent and impact of predation of bats by cats, or of whether specific characteristics make certain species of bats particularly vulnerable to predation by cats.
- We reviewed the impact of cats on bats, based on a collation of scientific literature and the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List database. Our aim was to produce a synthesis of the extent to which cats prey upon and threaten bats. We also collated available data on cat diet, which provide information on predation rates of bats by cats.
- Few studies (n = 44) have identified bat species preyed upon or threatened by cats, with a disproportionate number of studies from islands. In these studies, 86 bat species (about 7% of the global extant tally) are reported as preyed upon or threatened by cats, and about one quarter of these species are listed as Near Threatened or threatened (IUCN categories Critically Endangered, Endangered, or Vulnerable). In IUCN Red List assessments, cats are more frequently mentioned as a threat to threatened or Near Threatened bat species than to non-threatened species (IUCN category Least Concern).
- In studies reporting on the incidence of bats in cat dietary samples (scats, stomachs and guts), the frequency of occurrence of bats in samples averaged 0.7 ± 2.1% (mean ± standard deviation; n = 102). Many studies had sample sizes that were too small to be likely to detect bats.
- All forms of cat are reported to kill bats, and such predation has been reported in all major terrestrial habitats. We conclude that predation by cats is an under-appreciated threat to the world’s bat species.
【概要】
ネコに捕食されるか，脅かされるコウモリ種を特定した研究（n = 44）は少なく、島嶼部の研究が多かった。 これらの研究では、86 種のコウモリ (世界の現存種の約 7%) がネコ科動物に捕食されるか，絶滅の危機に瀕していると報告されており、これらの種の約 4 分の 1 が準絶滅危惧種または絶滅危惧種 (IUCN の絶滅危惧 I、絶滅危惧 I、危急種) としてリストされている。
IUCN レッド リストの評価では、ネコ科動物は絶滅危惧種または準絶滅危惧種のコウモリ科動物に対する脅威として、絶滅危惧種ではない種 (IUCN の軽度懸念種) に対する脅威よりも頻繁に言及されています。
ネコ科動物の餌分析 (糞、胃、腸) におけるコウモリが含まれていた報告では、サンプルにおけるコウモリの含有頻度は平均 0.7 ± 2.1% (平均 ± 標準偏差、n = 102) であった。多くの研究では、サンプルサイズが小さすぎてコウモリを検出できない可能性がある。
あらゆる種類のネコ科動物がコウモリを殺すことが報告されており、そのような捕食はすべての主要な陸域の生息地で報告されている。私たちは、ネコによる捕食が世界中のコウモリ類にとって過小評価されている脅威であると結論付けている。
文献（関連，未整理）
Malik Oedin, Fabrice Brescia, Alexandre Millon, Brett P. Murphy, Pauline Palmas, John C.Z. Woinarski, Eric Vidal. 2021. Cats Felis catus as a threat to bats worldwide: a review of the evidence. Mammal Review 51: 323-337.
https://doi.org/10.1111/mam.12240
2020. Investigating cat predation as the cause of bat wing tears using forensic DNA analysis. Ecoloy and Evolution 10: 8368-8378.
Volume 39, Issue 2, February 1994, Pages 141-150